guido.van.rossum
2008-12-03 05:39:28 UTC
Author: guido.van.rossum
Date: Wed Dec 3 06:39:28 2008
New Revision: 67492
Log:
Some textual tweaks, and fixed a few typos found by a spell checker.
Modified:
python/branches/py3k/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst
Modified: python/branches/py3k/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst
==============================================================================
--- python/branches/py3k/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst (original)
+++ python/branches/py3k/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst Wed Dec 3 06:39:28 2008
@@ -55,17 +55,26 @@
This article explains the new features in Python 3.0, compared to 2.6.
Python 3.0, also known as "Python 3000" or "Py3K", is the first ever
-*intentionally incompatible* release. There are more changes than in
-a typical release, and more that are important for all Python users.
-Nevertheless, after digesting the changes, you'll find that Python
-really hasn't changed all that much -- by and large, we're merely
-fixing well-known annoyances and warts.
+*intentionally backwards incompatible* Python release. There are more
+changes than in a typical release, and more that are important for all
+Python users. Nevertheless, after digesting the changes, you'll find
+that Python really hasn't changed all that much -- by and large, we're
+mostly fixing well-known annoyances and warts, and removing a lot of
+old cruft.
This article doesn't attempt to provide a complete specification of
-the new features, but instead provides a convenient overview. For
-full details, you should refer to the documentation for Python 3.0. If
-you want to understand the complete implementation and design
-rationale, refer to the PEP for a particular new feature.
+all new features, but instead tries to give a convenient overview.
+For full details, you should refer to the documentation for Python
+3.0, and/or the many PEPs referenced in the text. If you want to
+understand the complete implementation and design rationale for a
+particular feature, PEPs usually have more details than the regular
+documentation; but note that PEPs usually are not kept up-to-date once
+a feature has been fully implemented.
+
+Due to time constraints this document is not as complete as it should
+have been. As always for a new release, the ``Misc/NEWS`` file in the
+source distribution contains a wealth of detailed information about
+every small thing that was changed.
.. Compare with previous release in 2 - 3 sentences here.
.. add hyperlink when the documentation becomes available online.
@@ -144,11 +153,14 @@
* Also, the :meth:`dict.iterkeys`, :meth:`dict.iteritems` and
:meth:`dict.itervalues` methods are no longer supported.
-* :func:`map` and :func:`filter` return iterators. A quick fix is e.g.
- ``list(map(...))``, but a better fix is often to use a list
- comprehension (especially when the original code uses :keyword:`lambda`).
- Particularly tricky is :func:`map` invoked for the side effects of the
- function; the correct transformation is to use a for-loop.
+* :func:`map` and :func:`filter` return iterators. If you really need
+ a list, a quick fix is e.g. ``list(map(...))``, but a better fix is
+ often to use a list comprehension (especially when the original code
+ uses :keyword:`lambda`), or rewriting the code so it doesn't need a
+ list at all. Particularly tricky is :func:`map` invoked for the
+ side effects of the function; the correct transformation is to use a
+ regular :keyword:`for` loop (since creating a list would just be
+ wasteful).
* :func:`range` now behaves like :func:`xrange` used to behave, except
it works with values of arbitrary size. The latter no longer
@@ -164,13 +176,14 @@
* The ordering comparison operators (``<``, ``<=``, ``>=``, ``>``)
raise a TypeError exception when the operands don't have a
meaningful natural ordering. Thus, expressions like ``1 < ''``, ``0
- > None`` or ``len <= len`` are no longer valid. A corollary is that
- sorting a heterogeneous list no longer makes sense -- all the
- elements must be comparable to each other. Note that this does not
- apply to the ``==`` and ``!=`` operators: objects of different
- uncomparable types always compare unequal to each other, and an
- object always compares equal to itself (i.e., ``x is y`` implies
- ``x == y``; this is true even for *NaN*).
+ > None`` or ``len <= len`` are no longer valid, and e.g. ``None <
+ None`` raises :exc:`TypeError` instead of returning
+ :keyword:`False`. A corollary is that sorting a heterogeneous list
+ no longer makes sense -- all the elements must be comparable to each
+ other. Note that this does not apply to the ``==`` and ``!=``
+ operators: objects of different incomparable types always compare
+ unequal to each other, and an object always compares equal to itself
+ (i.e., ``x is y`` implies ``x == y``; this is true even for *NaN*).
* :meth:`builtin.sorted` and :meth:`list.sort` no longer accept the
*cmp* argument providing a comparison function. Use the *key*
@@ -196,7 +209,7 @@
existed for years, at least since Python 2.2.)
* The :data:`sys.maxint` constant was removed, since there is no
- longer a limit to the value of ints. However, :data:`sys.maxsize`
+ longer a limit to the value of integers. However, :data:`sys.maxsize`
can be used as an integer larger than any practical list or string
index. It conforms to the implementation's "natural" integer size
and is typically the same as :data:`sys.maxint` in previous releases
@@ -542,7 +555,7 @@
* The :mod:`bsddb3` package was removed because its presence in the
core standard library has proved over time to be a particular burden
- for the core developers due to testing instability and Berlekey DB's
+ for the core developers due to testing instability and Berkeley DB's
release schedule. However, the package is alive and well,
externally maintained at http://www.jcea.es/programacion/pybsddb.htm.
@@ -599,8 +612,8 @@
* :mod:`xmlrpc` (:mod:`xmlrpclib`, :mod:`DocXMLRPCServer`,
:mod:`SimpleXMLRPCServer`).
-
-Some other changes to standard library moduled, not covered by
+modules
+Some other changes to standard library modules, not covered by
:pep:`3108`:
* Killed :mod:`sets`. Use the builtin :func:`set` function.
@@ -840,7 +853,7 @@
* Renamed the boolean conversion C-level slot and method:
``nb_nonzero`` is now ``nb_bool``.
-* Removed ``METH_OLDARGS`` and ``WITH_CYCLE_GC`` from the C API.
+* Removed :cmacro:`METH_OLDARGS` and :cmacro:`WITH_CYCLE_GC` from the C API.
.. ======================================================================
Date: Wed Dec 3 06:39:28 2008
New Revision: 67492
Log:
Some textual tweaks, and fixed a few typos found by a spell checker.
Modified:
python/branches/py3k/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst
Modified: python/branches/py3k/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst
==============================================================================
--- python/branches/py3k/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst (original)
+++ python/branches/py3k/Doc/whatsnew/3.0.rst Wed Dec 3 06:39:28 2008
@@ -55,17 +55,26 @@
This article explains the new features in Python 3.0, compared to 2.6.
Python 3.0, also known as "Python 3000" or "Py3K", is the first ever
-*intentionally incompatible* release. There are more changes than in
-a typical release, and more that are important for all Python users.
-Nevertheless, after digesting the changes, you'll find that Python
-really hasn't changed all that much -- by and large, we're merely
-fixing well-known annoyances and warts.
+*intentionally backwards incompatible* Python release. There are more
+changes than in a typical release, and more that are important for all
+Python users. Nevertheless, after digesting the changes, you'll find
+that Python really hasn't changed all that much -- by and large, we're
+mostly fixing well-known annoyances and warts, and removing a lot of
+old cruft.
This article doesn't attempt to provide a complete specification of
-the new features, but instead provides a convenient overview. For
-full details, you should refer to the documentation for Python 3.0. If
-you want to understand the complete implementation and design
-rationale, refer to the PEP for a particular new feature.
+all new features, but instead tries to give a convenient overview.
+For full details, you should refer to the documentation for Python
+3.0, and/or the many PEPs referenced in the text. If you want to
+understand the complete implementation and design rationale for a
+particular feature, PEPs usually have more details than the regular
+documentation; but note that PEPs usually are not kept up-to-date once
+a feature has been fully implemented.
+
+Due to time constraints this document is not as complete as it should
+have been. As always for a new release, the ``Misc/NEWS`` file in the
+source distribution contains a wealth of detailed information about
+every small thing that was changed.
.. Compare with previous release in 2 - 3 sentences here.
.. add hyperlink when the documentation becomes available online.
@@ -144,11 +153,14 @@
* Also, the :meth:`dict.iterkeys`, :meth:`dict.iteritems` and
:meth:`dict.itervalues` methods are no longer supported.
-* :func:`map` and :func:`filter` return iterators. A quick fix is e.g.
- ``list(map(...))``, but a better fix is often to use a list
- comprehension (especially when the original code uses :keyword:`lambda`).
- Particularly tricky is :func:`map` invoked for the side effects of the
- function; the correct transformation is to use a for-loop.
+* :func:`map` and :func:`filter` return iterators. If you really need
+ a list, a quick fix is e.g. ``list(map(...))``, but a better fix is
+ often to use a list comprehension (especially when the original code
+ uses :keyword:`lambda`), or rewriting the code so it doesn't need a
+ list at all. Particularly tricky is :func:`map` invoked for the
+ side effects of the function; the correct transformation is to use a
+ regular :keyword:`for` loop (since creating a list would just be
+ wasteful).
* :func:`range` now behaves like :func:`xrange` used to behave, except
it works with values of arbitrary size. The latter no longer
@@ -164,13 +176,14 @@
* The ordering comparison operators (``<``, ``<=``, ``>=``, ``>``)
raise a TypeError exception when the operands don't have a
meaningful natural ordering. Thus, expressions like ``1 < ''``, ``0
- > None`` or ``len <= len`` are no longer valid. A corollary is that
- sorting a heterogeneous list no longer makes sense -- all the
- elements must be comparable to each other. Note that this does not
- apply to the ``==`` and ``!=`` operators: objects of different
- uncomparable types always compare unequal to each other, and an
- object always compares equal to itself (i.e., ``x is y`` implies
- ``x == y``; this is true even for *NaN*).
+ > None`` or ``len <= len`` are no longer valid, and e.g. ``None <
+ None`` raises :exc:`TypeError` instead of returning
+ :keyword:`False`. A corollary is that sorting a heterogeneous list
+ no longer makes sense -- all the elements must be comparable to each
+ other. Note that this does not apply to the ``==`` and ``!=``
+ operators: objects of different incomparable types always compare
+ unequal to each other, and an object always compares equal to itself
+ (i.e., ``x is y`` implies ``x == y``; this is true even for *NaN*).
* :meth:`builtin.sorted` and :meth:`list.sort` no longer accept the
*cmp* argument providing a comparison function. Use the *key*
@@ -196,7 +209,7 @@
existed for years, at least since Python 2.2.)
* The :data:`sys.maxint` constant was removed, since there is no
- longer a limit to the value of ints. However, :data:`sys.maxsize`
+ longer a limit to the value of integers. However, :data:`sys.maxsize`
can be used as an integer larger than any practical list or string
index. It conforms to the implementation's "natural" integer size
and is typically the same as :data:`sys.maxint` in previous releases
@@ -542,7 +555,7 @@
* The :mod:`bsddb3` package was removed because its presence in the
core standard library has proved over time to be a particular burden
- for the core developers due to testing instability and Berlekey DB's
+ for the core developers due to testing instability and Berkeley DB's
release schedule. However, the package is alive and well,
externally maintained at http://www.jcea.es/programacion/pybsddb.htm.
@@ -599,8 +612,8 @@
* :mod:`xmlrpc` (:mod:`xmlrpclib`, :mod:`DocXMLRPCServer`,
:mod:`SimpleXMLRPCServer`).
-
-Some other changes to standard library moduled, not covered by
+modules
+Some other changes to standard library modules, not covered by
:pep:`3108`:
* Killed :mod:`sets`. Use the builtin :func:`set` function.
@@ -840,7 +853,7 @@
* Renamed the boolean conversion C-level slot and method:
``nb_nonzero`` is now ``nb_bool``.
-* Removed ``METH_OLDARGS`` and ``WITH_CYCLE_GC`` from the C API.
+* Removed :cmacro:`METH_OLDARGS` and :cmacro:`WITH_CYCLE_GC` from the C API.
.. ======================================================================